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Technology, Innovation, and Great Power Competition – Class 6 – Unmanned Systems and Autonomy

Technology, Innovation, and Great Power Competition Class 6  Unmanned Systems and Autonomy

This vendible first appeared in West Points Modern War Institute.

We just completed the sixth week of our new national security matriculation at Stanford “ Technology, Innovation and Unconfined Power Competition. Joe Felter, Raj Shah and I designed the matriculation to imbricate how technology will shape the weft and employment of all instruments of national power.

In class 1, we learned that national power is the sum of all the resources misogynist to a state to pursue its national objectives and interests. This power is wielded through a combination of a countrys diplomacy, information, its military capabilities, economic strength, finance, intelligence, and law enforcement. These instruments of national power employed in a œwhole of government approach to whop a states interests are known by the acronym DIME-FIL.

Class 2 focused on China, the U.S.s primary unconfined power competitor. China is using all elements of its national power, e.g. information/ intelligence, its military might and economic strength as well as exploiting Western finance and technology. Chinas goal is to rencontre and overturn the U.S.-led liberal international order and replace it with its own neo-totalitarian model where China emerges as the dominant regional and global power.

The third class focused on Russia, which since 2014 has asserted itself as a competing unconfined power. We learned how Russia pursues security and economic interests in parallel with its ideological aims.

The fourth class shifted our focus to the impact commercial technologies have on the instruments of national power (DIME-FIL). The first technology we examined were semiconductors, and the U.S. dependence on TSMC in Taiwan, for its most wide logic chips. This is problematic as China claims Taiwan is a province of China.

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In the fifth class we examined the impact that AI and Machine Learning will protract to have on the capabilities and employment of DIME-FIL. We heard from the Joint Artificial Intelligence Center (JAIC), the focal point of the DOD AI strategy; and from the Defense Innovation Unit (DIU) “ a DoD organization that contracts with commercial companies to solve national security problems.

Todays class: Unmanned Platforms and Autonomy

Catch up with the matriculation by reading our intro to the class, and summaries of Classes 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

Required Readings

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) & Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS)

Unmanned Surface Vessel (USV) / Unmanned Undersea Vessel (UUV)

U.S. Unmanned Warfare Concepts

China Unmanned Warfare Concepts

Use of Drones in Nagorno-Karabakh

Reading Assignment Questions

Pick one of the unelevated questions and wordplay in approximately 100 words, based on the required readings.

  1. Describe how the outstart of voluntary weapon systems (i.e. drones) has reverted the American way of war to date. What changes would you recommend America prefer as voluntary systems protract to develop?
  2. Pick one domain of war (e.g. air, land, sea, subsea, space, etc.). How does the proliferation of voluntary weapon systems to unconfined powers, lesser powers, or non-state actors (pick one of the three) threaten Americas traditional military advantages in that domain?

Class 6 “ Guest Speakers and Autonomy Panel

This matriculation had seven guest speakers on unmanned systems and autonomy.

Our first guest speaker was Rear Admiral Lorin Selby, Chief of Naval Research, United States Navy. Admiral Selby is responsible for the Naval Research Enterprise. It is the œventure capital of the Navy and Marine Corps. Its made up of ONR “ the Office of Naval Research, ONR Global, the Naval Research Laboratory, and Special Projects (PMR 51.)

(Founded in August 1946, ONR provided support of research at universities when WWII government funding to universities had zestless up. Fred Terman, Stanfords dean of engineering, received ONRs first research grants for electronics and microwaves. These grants funded the Stanford Electronics Research Laboratory and kick-started innovation in what would wilt Silicon Valley.) Fast forward to this decade and ONR funded our first Stanford Hacking for Defense classes and is the first funder of the Stanford Gordian Knot Center for National Security Innovation.

RADM Selby described the role of the Chief of Naval Research, the types of innovation, the role of ONR in capturing new/relevant ideas and pulling them in fast unbearable to compete with adversaries, but not disrupt the functionality of the Navy.

Our next guest was Maynard Holliday the DoD Director of Defense Research and Engineering for Modernization (5G; Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning; Autonomy; Biotechnology; Cyber; Directed Energy; Fully Networked Command, Control, and Communications; Hypersonics; Microelectronics; Quantum Science; and Space). He described the role of his office as similar to DARPA. His 11 principal directors lay out the technical roadmaps for the DoD and help transition the technologies into operational use.

The principal DoD Modernization director for autonomy, Dr. Jaret C. Riddick, then joined us. He helped the matriculation understand the DoD definition of Autonomy, the Lines of Effort the DoD is urgently pursuing, and why it was important.

Lecture 6

If you can’t see the lecture 6 slides click here.

In the Department of Defense unmanned systems and autonomy are moving superiority rapidly. We gave the students a finger for the telescopic of the activities in two panel sessions.

Panel 1 “ Autonomy/Unmanned Systems Research and Engineering

RADM Selby, Mr. Holliday, and Mr. Riddick joined a panel discussion on how their organizations set their research priorities and investment strategies. They discussed:

  1. What time horizon their organizations consider when determining which technologies to invest in
  2. How these investment strategies and time horizons compare and unrelatedness with the same considerations made by China and Russia
  3. What the future of voluntary systems looks like. What the largest gains their organizations hope to make with investments in autonomy
  4. What upstanding considerations they take into worth when making technology investments Whether China and/or Russia have similar or variegated upstanding considerations. How these upstanding frameworks stupefy Americas worthiness to compete

Panel 2 “ An Application of Autonomy – the Navy Unmanned Task Force

Four other experts on Autonomy in defense joined us for a discussion of the Vice Chief of Naval Operations Unmanned Task Force: Michael Stewart, Director of the US Navy Unmanned Task Force and Deputy Director Integrated Warfare; Bradley Garber, Deputy Director/Principal Civilian Advisor to the Vice Chief of Naval Operations; Dr. Jason Stack, the Office of Naval Research Portfolio Manager for Autonomy; and Dr. Shane Arnott, Chief Engineer, Anduril Industries. They discussed:

  1. The impetus for the megacosm of their task forces
  2. The biggest challenges and opportunities for integrating autonomy from the private sector to support the DoD
  3. What the future of voluntary systems looks like. The largest gains that their organizations hope to make with investments in autonomy
  4. Where China and/or Russia are making the largest gains with voluntary systems. What threat this presents to U.S. interests

Next Week: The Second Space Age: Unconfined Power Competition in Space

Lessons Learned

  • Autonomy and Unmanned Systems are hair-trigger technologies that will impact all aspects of the instruments of DIME-FIL national power
    • While wide work in autonomy is happening in the DoD ecosystem, commercial companies and universities still lead
    • China and Russia have made autonomy and unmanned systems national priorities
    • Other countries, e.g. Turkey and Israel, have proliferated systems that have been used to win a war
  • The Navy is urgently looking to build and integrate unmanned/autonomous systems as part of the fleet